Value Added Tax
Our briefings on Value Added Tax in the UAE — practical, current guidance from the FW Global team.
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VAT on digital services and e-commerce in the UAE.
Online sales feel borderless, but UAE VAT is not. Whether you charge 5%, zero-rate an export, or must register at all turns on what you supply and where it is used. Here is how goods and electronic services are treated, and the registration trap for overseas sellers.
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Excise tax 2026: the new minimum prices for tobacco and vapes.
A change to excise tax took effect on 1 September 2026, setting new minimum prices for tobacco and vaping products. For importers, distributors and retailers it changes the floor beneath the tax. Here is what Cabinet Decision 137 of 2026 does.
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The 2026 VAT directives: judicial experts, digital currency, and more.
Through 2026 the FTA has issued a series of VAT directives, each settling one uncertain question, from crypto valuation to insurance fees. Here is a plain-language guide to the ones that matter and who each affects.
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The VAT law has changed: a before-and-after guide to VATP046.
The VAT Decree-Law has been amended twice, by Federal Decree-Law No. 16 of 2024 and No. 16 of 2025, and Public Clarification VATP046 pulls it together. Here is a detailed before-and-after guide to all nine changes, from the new anti-evasion rule to the five-year clock on VAT credit refunds.
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Zero-rated exports: UAE VAT when you sell abroad.
Selling to customers abroad is usually zero-rated: no VAT charged, but input VAT still recoverable. It is valuable and commonly mishandled, because the conditions and the evidence matter. Here is the treatment for goods and services, and what you must keep.
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Tax Registration Number (TRN): what it is, how to get one, and how to verify it.
The TRN is your tax identity in the UAE: needed to charge VAT and issue a valid tax invoice. This guide covers what a TRN is, how to get one on EmaraTax, and how to verify a supplier's TRN on the FTA website, which from 1 October 2026 is a condition of recovering input tax.
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Verify before you deduct: the FTA's new supplier checks for input tax recovery.
From 1 October 2026, FTA Decision No. 13 of 2026 makes input tax recovery conditional on verifying your supplier and the supply. Buyers now carry a documented due diligence duty, with thresholds that decide when it applies. Here is what to put in place.
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UAE VAT basics: registration, rates, and the return cycle.
VAT has been part of UAE business since 2018, yet the basics still trip people up. Here is the 5% rate, when you must register, the quarterly return cycle, and the three supply treatments that drive every figure.
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Issuing a valid tax invoice: the fields the FTA expects.
The tax invoice is the document the whole VAT system runs on. Miss a required field and your customer's recovery can fail and you can be penalised. Here are the fields a full and a simplified invoice must carry.
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Bad debt relief for VAT: conditions and timing.
When a customer never pays, bad debt relief lets you recover the output VAT you already handed over. But it is fenced by conditions and a six-month rule. Here is when you can claim, and the customer-side adjustment.
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VAT and designated zones: the rules that trip people up.
Designated zones are not the VAT-free areas businesses assume. The relief mainly helps goods, not services, and consumption inside the zone can bring VAT back. Here are the rules that trip people up.
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Correcting VAT errors: voluntary disclosure vs the next return.
Everyone makes VAT errors. What separates housekeeping from a penalty is how you fix it. Under AED 10,000 you can correct it in the next return; above, a voluntary disclosure is required. Here is the choice, and why speed matters.
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VAT groups: when grouping helps and when it does not.
A VAT group registers related companies as one taxable person, filing one return and ignoring VAT between them. For groups with heavy internal trade it removes friction, but it brings joint liability. Here is when to group, and when not to.
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Input tax recovery: what you can and cannot reclaim.
Recover the input VAT you are entitled to and VAT is broadly neutral. Recover too much or too little and it hits the bottom line. Here is what you can reclaim, what is blocked, and where apportionment applies.
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VAT on imports and the customs link.
Importing brings VAT in at the border, and how it is settled depends on whether you are registered. The link between customs and the VAT return is the part most often overlooked. Here is how to account for import VAT correctly.
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VAT on real estate: residential, commercial, and the first supply.
Real estate is where UAE VAT gets genuinely complex: commercial, new residential, used residential, and bare land are all treated differently. Here is how the treatment turns on the specifics, and why a developer's recovery hinges on it.
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VAT refunds: the process and the common reasons for rejection.
A VAT refund arises when input tax exceeds output tax, common for exporters and businesses investing ahead of revenue. The entitlement is rarely the problem. Here is the process, and the evidence gaps that get refunds rejected.
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The AED 375,000 and AED 187,500 VAT registration thresholds.
Two numbers decide VAT registration: AED 375,000 mandatory and AED 187,500 voluntary. What businesses get wrong is what goes into the calculation, and how fast the obligation arrives. Here is how the thresholds work.
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The VAT reverse charge mechanism, with worked examples.
The reverse charge turns VAT on its head: the customer accounts for it, not the supplier. For imports it usually nets to zero, but only if you record both entries. A worked example shows where it does not net to zero.
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Standard-rated, zero-rated, and exempt: getting VAT treatment right.
Whether a supply is standard-rated, zero-rated, or exempt changes what you charge and what you can reclaim. Two of the three involve charging no VAT, which is exactly why they are confused. Here is how to tell them apart.
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Zero-rated exports: the evidence you must keep.
Exporting can be zero-rated, letting you sell abroad without charging VAT while still recovering input tax. But the zero rate is earned with evidence and a time limit, not assumed. Here is what to keep, and the trap in indirect exports.
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FTA Decision 13 of 2026: verifying supplies before you deduct input tax.
Effective 1 October 2026, this Decision requires you to verify the supplier and the supply before recovering VAT. Includes an interactive tool that outputs your exact checklist.
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Leaving a VAT group: later adjustments now sit with the member that left.
New FTA Directive No. 2 of 2026 settles a practical question: when a member leaves a VAT group but stays registered, any later adjustment to a supply or expense it made inside the group goes on its own return, not the group's. Effective 1 August 2026.